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ANSI/ISEA 107 American National Standard for High-Visibility Safety Apparel and Accessories
This standard specifies performance requirements for high-visibility safety apparel and accessory PPE. For the purpose of this standard, the term "high-visibility safety apparel" (HVSA) shall be used to mean apparel and accessory PPE intended to provide conspicuity to the user in hazardous situations under any light conditions by day and under illumination by vehicle headlights in teh dark or other low light conditions. Performance requirements are included for color, retroreflection, and minimum areas of retroreflective and combined-performance materials, as well as the recommended configuration of the materials. Performance requirements are also provided for the color, physical preperties, and minimum areas of background materials used in the construction of HVSA and accessories. Test methods are provided in teh standard to ensure that a minimum level of visibilty is maintained when garments are subjected to ongoing care procedures. There specifications may prescribe a wide variety of occupational HVSA, but shall not be applied to firefighter turnout gear.
MINIMUM AREAS OF VISIBLE MATERIALS
| Garment Type | Performance Class | Background Material | Retroreflective or Combined- Performance Materials | Minimum Width Reflective Materials |
| Type O Off-road & Non-Roadway Use | Class 1 | 0.14 m² (217 in²) | 0.10 m² (155 in²) | 25 mm (1 in.) |
| Type R Roadway and Temporary Traffic Control Zones | Class 2 * | 0.50 m² (755 in²) | 0.13 m² (201 in²) | 25 mm (1 in.)## 35 mm (1.38 in.) |
| Class 3 ** | 0.80 m² (1240 in²) | 0.20 m² (310 in²) | 25 mm (1 in.)## 50 mm (2 in.) | |
|
| * For the smallest size offered in Type R, Performance Class 2, a minimum of 0.35m²(540in²) of background material may be used to accommodate small-sized workers. All subsequent larger sizes must use 0.50m²(755in²).
** For the smallest size offered in Type R, Performance Class 3, a minimum of 0.65m²(1000in²) of background material may be used to accommodate small-sized workers. All subsequent sizes must use 0.80m²(1240 in²). | |||
| Type P Emergency & Incident Responders & Law Enforcement Personnel | Class 2 | 0.29 m² (450 in²) | 0.13 (201 in²) | 25 mm (1 in.)## 50 mm (1.38 in.) |
| Class 3 | 0.50 m² (775 in²) | 0.20 m² (310 in²) | 25 mm (1 in.)## 50 mm (2 in.) | |
| Supplemental Items# Pants, Overalls, Shorts, Rain Pants & Gaiters | Class E | 0.30 m² (465 in²) | 0.07 m² (109 in²) | 25 mm (1 in.)## 50 mm (2 in.) |
| # When a Supplemental Class E item is worn with Performance Class 2 or 3, the overall classification for the ensemble shall be Performance Class 3.
## For use with split-trim designs.
NOTE: Combined-performance materials can be counted toward the minimum area requirements for background material specified in this table. | ||||
EN ISO 20471 High Visibility Clothing - Test Methods and Requirements
This International Standard specifies requirements for high visibility clothing which is capable of visually signalling the user's presence. The high visibility clothing is intended to provide conspicuity of the wearer in any light condition when viewed by operators of vehicles or other mechanized equipment during daylight conditions and under illumination of headlights in the dark. This International Standard is not applicable to medium-risk and low-risk situation. Performance requirements are included for colour and retroreflection as well as for the minimum areas and for the placement of the materials in protective clothing.
INFORMATION CONCERNING RISK SITUATIONS
| Risk level | Factors related to the risk level* | Risk Level | ||
| Vehicle speed | Type of road user | |||
| High risk ISO 20471 class 3 | >60 km/h | Passive | High Visibility | -day & night visibility -360º(visibility from all risk) -design for form recognition -encircling the torso -quantity and quality for day & night |
| High risk ISO 20471 class 2 | <=60km/h | Passive | ||
| High risk ISO20471 class 1 | <=30km/h | Passive | -day & night visibility -360º(visibility from all risk) -design for form recognition -quantity and quality for day & night | |
| Medium risk | <=60km/h | Active | Enhanced visibility | -day & night visibility -visibility from all sides -design for movement recognition if applicable (not necessarily encircling the torso) -quantity and quality for day & night (not necessarily ISO 20471) -more freedom in colours and design |
| <=15km/h | Passive | -night visibility -visibility from all sides -design for movement recognition if applicable (not necessarily encircling the torso) -quantity and quality for night (not necessarily ISO 20471) -no “gadgets” | ||
| <=60km/h | Active | |||
| Low risk | - | - | Visibility | -bright colour -piping and/or randomly designed reflective material -any quantity and quality |
| *Depending on local issues such as weather conditions, background contrast, traffic density and other factors, one of these factors may lead to a higher level. | ||||
MINIMUM REQUIRED AREAS OF VISIBLE MATERIAL IN M²
| Material | Class 3 garments | Class 2 garments | Class 1 garments |
| Background material | 0.80 | 0.50 | 0.14 |
| Retroreflective material | 0.20 | 0.13 | 0.10 |
| Combined performance material | n.a. | n.a. | 0.20 |
| NOTE : The clothing class is determined by the lowest area of visible material. | |||
CAN/CSA Z96 High-Visibility Safety Apparel
This standard specifies requirements for occupational apparel that is (a) capable of signalling the user's presence visually; and (b) intended to provide the user with conspicuity in hazardous situations under any light conditions and under illumination by vehicle headlights. Performance requirements are included for colour, retroreflection, and minumum areas, as well as for the configuration of the materials. Performance requirements are also provided for the physical properties of background materials used in the construction of high-visibility safety apparel (referred to as "HVSA" in this Standard). Test methods are provided in the Standard to ensure that a minumum level of visibility is maintained when garments are subjected to ongoing care procedures. It provides performance requirements for conspicuous materials to be used in HVSA and specifies classes of garments, minimum areas, and placement of these materials. This Standard specifies minimum amounts of retroreflective materials, together with colour and requirements for placement of materials, for apparel used to enhance the visibility and safety of workers. Categories of high-visibility garments are identified and appropriate markings for apparel are recommended.
MINIMUM AREAS OF HIGH-VISIBILITY MATERIAL (ANY SIZE GARMENT)
|
| Class 3 Apparel | Class 2 Apparel | Class 1 Apparel |
| Description of minimal coverage | Class 2 apparel, plus bands encircling both arms and both legs. These bands shall be composed of combined-performance stripes/bands or a combination of retroreflective and background material | Full coverage of upper torso (front, back, sides, and over the shoulders*) | Basic harness or stripes/bands over the shoulder(s) and encircling the waist |
| Background material | See above | See above | 0.14 m²(minimum) |
| Retroreflective or combined-performance material used in conjunction with background material | 0.20 m² | 0.13 m² | 0.10 m² |
| Photometric performance# | Level 2 | Level 1 or Level 2 | Level 1 or Level 2 |
| Combined-performance material used without background material | -- | -- | 0.20 m² |
| Photometric performance# | -- | -- | Level 1 or Level 2 |
| *As a special case, bib-style overalls are recognized as Class 2 apparel. Bib-style overalls are not required to have retroreflective material over the shoulders, but may include retroreflective or combined-performance material around the legs. #Retroreflective or combined-performance materials used on garments intended for FR protection applications may meet performance levels lower than Levels 1 and 2. As a minimum, they shall meet performance levels (“Level FR”) specified in Table 7.
NOTES : (1) Although specifications for apparel Classes are similar to those in ANSI/ISEA 107, these CSA Classes differ in that they specify body coverage rather than minimum areas. (2) Full coverage of the side of the upper torso for Class 2 and Class 3 apparel is considered to be a minimum of 50% coverage from the bottom edge of the garment to the top of the shoulder. (3) For best conspicuity performance, retroreflective or combined-performance stripes/bands around the legs should be located below the knee (but no less than 50mm from the bottom edge of the apparel). | |||
AS/NZS 1906.4 Australian / New Zealand Standard - Retroreflective Materials and Devices for Road Traffic Control Purposes - High-Visibility Materials for Safety Garments
This standard specifies the photometric, colorimetric and physical property requirements for high-visibility materials for outdoor daytime use, or retroreflective materials for use at night or in other dark conditions to be used for the manufacture of, or for incorporation into industrial safety garments designed to be worn in situations where the wearer needs to be nighly visible. Immersible water safety materials such as those used on personal flotation devices are not included. It does not include requirements for the integrity or performance of materials under extremes of temperature, atmospheric conditions, abrasive conditions or any other abnormal use of the material.
Class F and Class NF Materials typically comprise but are not limited to, either of the following : (a) A robust woven fabric of cotton, linen or equivalent man-made fibres to which a fluorescent or other highly coloured plastic coating has been applied. (b) A robust woven or knitted fabric of cotton or equivalent man-made fibre which contains a fluorescent colour or, if indicated in Clause 2.4, other high-visibility colour. A Class F material which has met the optional wet weather test in Clause 2.6 may be designated Class F (W).
Class RF Materials are required only to meet the fluorescent colour requirement of Clause 2.3. In all other respects they are required to meet the requirements of Section 3 for a retroreflective material.
AS/NZS 4602.1 Australian / New Zealand Standard - High-Visibility Safety Garments - Garments for High Risk Applications
This standard specifies the visual requirements for high visibility safety garments for occupational wear by people who may be exposed to the hazard of moving traffic, moving plant or equipment in high risk situations. The standard covers garments suitable for daytime wear, night-time wear where they will be seen by retroreflected light or for wear under both conditions but excludes garments for use by fire services. The objective of this standard is to provide both manufacturers of garments and persons responsible for workers in the relevant high risk situations, with minimum requirements for high visibility safety garments.
CLASSIFICATION OF GARMENTS :
Class D - A garment designed for daytime use. Garments shall be made from Fluorescent background material meeting the requirements of AS/NZS 1906.4 for Class F or a combination of Class F and Class RF material. Where Safety requirements in a particular industry require a garment to be made from a background material that is not capable of taking a fluorescent pigment, a non-fluorescent colour Class NF as specified in AS/NZS 1906.4 may be used in lieu. High visibility background material shall extend continuously downwards from the top of the garment and for the entire circumference of the torso, permitted openings and gussets excepted, until at least the minimum specified area of material is provided on both the front and the back of the garment. The area of background material determined shall be not less than 0.2m² on each of the front and the back of the garment.
Class N - A garment designed for night use using retroreflected light. Retroreflective material used on Class N garments shall meet the requirements specified in AS/NZS 1906.4 for Class R or Class RF material. It shall be applied to garment in strips 50+/-1mm wide to at least the minimum pattern requirements. A pair of 25+/-1mm wide strips separated by a gap of 30mm max. may be substituted for the 50mm strip.
Class D/N - A garment designed for day and night use. (a) The minimum design requirements shall be a garment made from background material with retroreflective strips attached. (b) Background material shall be high visibility material for Class D garments. Class RF material may be included if in the appropriate locations, for the purpose of determining the area of background material provided on a garment. (c) The minimum requirements for both the material and layout patterns for retroreflective strips shall be for Class N garments. (d) The small size garment concession may also be applied to a D/N garment. In this case, the existence of retroreflective strips will not be a bar to its application, but unless they are RF material they shall not be counted as part of the required area of background material.
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